American Cancer Society recommended some breast cancer risk factors, together with elements that may decrease the chance of breast cancer:
Family history of breast cancer
Women with a family history of breast cancer are at increased threat of growing breast cancer. This risk is higher if a couple of first-degree relative developed breast cancer. A family history of ovarian cancer is also associated with elevated breast cancer threat in both males and women.Genetic predisposition
Solely about 15%-20% of familial breast cancers are attributed to BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations. Molecular assessments are commercially out there to identify among the BRCA mutations, in addition to many of the household cancer syndromes liable for inherited types of breast cancer.Personal history of breast cancer
Girls with a historical past of breast cancer are at elevated threat for growing a second breast cancer. The danger is higher if the diagnosis was at a youthful age.Lobular carcinoma in situ
Pure LCIS needs to be distinguished from DCIS and pleomorphic LCIS, as both of these situations are considered precursor lesions for breast cancer and require cancer-directed therapy.Benign breast disease
Some kinds of benign breast conditions are linked to breast cancer risk. Nonproliferative lesions usually are not related to overgrowth of breast tissue and have little to no effect on breast cancer risk.Breast density
The danger of breast cancer will increase with growing breast density; women with very excessive breast density have 4 to 6-fold elevated danger of breast cancer in comparison with women with the least dense breasts.Endogenous hormone levels
Postmenopausal women with excessive levels of endogenous hormones (estrogen or testosterone produced naturally within the body) have about twice the danger of developing breast cancer in comparison with women with the lowest levels.Menstrual cycles
Girls who have had more menstrual cycles as a result of they began menstruating early (before age 12) and/or went by way of menopause late (after age 55) have a slightly larger danger of breast cancer. The elevated threat could also be due to longer lifetime exposure to reproductive hormones.Being pregnant
Pregnancy-associated threat elements appear to be more strongly associated to hormone receptor- optimistic than hormone receptor-detrimental breast cancers.Breastfeeding
Most researches counsel that breastfeeding for a 12 months or more slightly reduces a girl’s total threat of breast cancer.80 The protecting effect may be better for basal-like breast cancers.Bone mineral density
Bone density is routinely measured to establish women at elevated risk for osteoporosis (high bone density signifies absence of osteoporosis) and will help decide a girl’s risk for developing breast cancer.Postmenopausal hormone use
Latest use of menopausal hormones (additionally referred to as hormone remedy or HT) with mixed estrogen and progestin increases the risk of developing and dying from breast cancer, with higher danger related with longer use.Weight problems
The risk of postmenopausal breast cancer is about 1.5 occasions increased in overweight women and about 2 times larger in obese women than in lean women. Breast cancer risk associated with excess weight is likely attributable to high estrogen ranges as a result of fats tissue is the biggest source of estrogen in postmenopausal women.Bodily activity
Rising evidence means that women who get regular physical exercise have a 10%-20% decrease risk of breast cancer compared to women who are inactive, with stronger evidence for postmenopausal than premenopausal women.Alcohol
One of the mechanisms by which alcohol increases threat of breast cancer is by growing estrogen and androgen levels. Alcohol use has been more strongly associated with elevated danger for ER+ than ER- breast cancers.Oral contraceptive use
Recent use of oral contraceptives could improve the chance of breast cancer by about 10% to 30%; however, since most research have looked at older, high-dose estrogen forms of oral contraceptives, the danger with low-dose formulations isn't clear.Diethylstilbestrol exposure
From the 1940s through the 1960s, some pregnant women got the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES) as a result of it was thought to lower the danger of miscarriage. These women have elevated danger (about 30% higher) of developing breast cancer in contrast to women who haven't taken DES.Environmental pollutants
Issues have been raised among some advocacy teams and survivors that rising breast cancer incidence in the latter half of the 20th century might have been attributable to environmental pollution such as organochlorine pesticides.Occupational exposures
A couple of occupations have been linked to breast cancer risk. One examine discovered an increased risk of breast cancer amongst women employed in commercial sterilization amenities who have been uncovered to high levels of ethylene oxide.Source: Cancer Facts Statistics
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